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女子产下外星人宝宝,最可能存在外星人的地方解密

来源: 狂想曲 作者: 狂想曲 发布时间:2019-05-08 03:41:03
  外星人是人类对地球以外类人生命的统称。古今中外一直有关于外星人的遐想,但现今人类还无法实际探查是否有外星人存在,虽然一直以来,很多人声称自己见证外星人造访地球,甚至与自己发生接触,但是大多数学者专家相信,人类与外星人所谓不同程度的接触,其实都是心理作用,人类发现“外星人”的机会很小,即使发现有外星人的存在,也几乎很难与它们发生任何接触。在过去50年的搜寻中,天文学家并没有发现任何外星人的确凿线索。但是从理论上说,宇宙中存在其他智慧生物几乎是必然的。至于人类是否有机会与之接触,还不得而知。
 
  截至2015年,科学界一般认为“生命只会出现在能发出光和热的恒星周围的行星上,但并非所有恒星都必然带有行星”。星云说认为,恒星是从自转着的原始星云收缩形成的。收缩时因角动量守恒使转动加快,又因离心力的作用星云逐渐变为扁平状。当中心温度达700万度时出现由氢转变为氦的热核反应,恒星就诞生了。盘的外围部分物质在这过程中会凝聚成几个小的天体——行星。

  女子产下外星人宝宝:

  近日一则关于一名为Gionanna的意大利女性被外星人掠去并产下外星婴儿的消息震惊了整个欧洲。这不是一部科幻片,据称,事件发生时,这名女性才4岁,现在已经41岁。意大利的这个外星婴儿是如何出现的?据她自己称,事发时她看到一个具有金属光泽的飞碟,然后自己毫无意识地走进飞碟,随后出现了4个不明物体,他们说着Gionanna能听懂的话,告诉她不要动,他们将会对她做一些事情。在Gionanna的身上有三个明显的疤痕以及一些磷光,随后在做超声波的时候发现了与婴儿心率极为相似的声波,随后为Gionan流产的时候发现了“混合物种胚胎”,这是否就是真正的外星婴儿?

  最可能存在外星人的地方解密:


  我们真是唯一的吗?
The race to find intelligent life, or any life at all, beyond Earth has been a heated space scramble for decades. Even though no concrete evidence of extraterrestrials has ever been confirmed, it seems like every space probe ever launched and scheduled to launch has a "FIND LIFE" stamped in its mission.
几十年来,寻找智慧生命,或是其他一切地外生命的竞争都是空间争夺中的一个热门话题。即使没有任何切实证据可以证明外星人的存在,那些已经发射或是计划发射的空间探测器仍然把“发现生命”作为它们的标志性任务之一。
That isn't to say we don't have our theories for where life might be hiding. Here, we take a look at some places we’ve explored, and some we haven't.
这并不意味说我们就没有关于地外生命可能隐藏何处的理论。现在,就让我们来看看那些已经探索,以及尚待勘查的地方吧。
Meteorites
  ①陨石
There have been around 22,000 documented meteorite discoveries on Earth and many have been found to hold organic compounds.
    迄今为止,地球上有大约22000份关于陨石发现的文字记载,其中大部分都被发现含有有机化合物。
In 1996, a group of scientists announced they had spotted strong evidence of microfossils on a Martian meteorite found in Antarctica showing that life may have existed on the Red Planet some 3.6 billion years ago. After years of intense debate, the issue whether the Martian meteorite contains life or not remains unresolved.
1996年,一组科学家声称他们在南极洲发现的火星陨石上找到了微化石存在的强有力证据,并据此认为可能早在36亿年前这颗红色星球上就已经存在生命了。经过数年的激烈辩论,关于这颗火星陨石上是否包含生命的问题仍然没有定论。
If this were true, it would also give excellent evidence to support the theory of "panspermia." Literally meaning "seeds everywhere," panspermia is the idea that life came from outer space and planets exchanged life -- "life" in this case meaning bacteria, which can be dormant and withstand harsh environments. Life could have existed on another planet, maybe even one as close as Mars, and then made its way to Earth instead of originating here.
如果这项结论成立,它将为“有生源说(panspermia)”理论提供有力的证据。从字面上看,它意味着“四散的种子”,这项理论认为生命来自于外层空间行星间生命的交换——“生命”在这里指的是细菌,它们能够进行冬眠,经受住恶劣的环境。生命可能起初存在于另一颗行星,也许就是离得最近的火星,而后通过某种途径来到了地球,而非起源于此。
Mars
  ②火星

The next frontier, Mars has long been a target for extraterrestrial life hunters, but its arid and barren landscape has turned our attention away from finding little green Martian men to finding simpler life forms.
下一站是火星,长期以来,火星都是科学家寻找地外生命的目标之一,但是,由于这里贫瘠且干旱,人们的注意力便逐渐从寻找火星小绿人转移到发现简单的生命形态上了。
But there is evidence that the Red Planet had a warmer and wetter past: dried-up river beds, polar ice caps, volcanoes and minerals that form in the presence of water have all been found. In 2008, the Phoenix Mars Lander sent back photos of ice chunks it had found after scooping up handfuls of soil, a huge discovery in the search for liquid water -- a key ingredient for life. Another key ingredient for life was found the following year: NASA scientists detected methane in the Martian atmosphere, indicating that the planet is still alive.
但是,有证据表明,这颗红色星球上曾经有过一段温暖而湿润的过去:干涸的河床,极地冰盖,火山和只有在水中才能形成的矿物质,都在这里被发现。2008年,凤凰号火星探测器传回的照片中有经过挖掘土壤而找到的冰块,这在寻找液态水的过程中是一项重大发现——也是生命存在的关键因素。次年,另一项形成生命的关键因素也被找到了:美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的科学家们在火星大气中检测到甲烷的存在,标示着这颗行星仍然存活。
Although no life has been confirmed on Mars, scientists are hopeful that it's just hiding. Methane-producing microbes were some of the earliest life forms on Earth, so if the same exists for the Red Planet, chances are these bacteria are well below the surface.
尽管还未证实火星上确有生命存在,但科学家们相信,它们只是躲藏起来了。产生甲烷的微生物是地球上最早的生命形式,如果它同样存在于这颗红色星球,那么可能它们还完好的存在于星球表层以下。
Europa
  ③木卫二

This Jovian moon isn't trying to give life the cold shoulder. In fact, it could be a home not just to simple micro-organisms, but also complex life.
这颗木星的卫星并不打算用它冰冷的肩膀来承托生命。事实上,它不仅能为简单的微生物提供生存场所,也能让复杂的生命在此安家。
Scientists have theorized for years that an ocean could be hiding beneath Europa's icy surface, one that even contains oxygen. After studying how quickly Europa's surface ice was replenished, University of Arizona researcher Richard Greenberg estimated in 2009 that enough oxygen reaches the subterranean ocean to sustain 6.6 billion pounds of "microfauna" -- more complex animal-like organisms.
科学家们已经论证数年,他们认为木卫二的冰面以下潜藏着一片海洋,其中甚至含有氧气。在研究过木卫二表层的冰体是如何快速补充过后,亚利桑那大学的研究员理查德·格林伯格(Richard Greenberg)在2009年估算认为,有足够的氧气存在于地下海洋中,来维持66亿磅“微动物区系(microfauna)”——它们比动物类生物更加复杂。
Before we get too carried away, it's important to note that no definitive evidence has been found to support that said ocean even exists beneath the ice.
在我们忘乎所以之前需要提醒各位读者,目前甚至还没有找到确切的证据,来支撑冰面下存在海洋这一观点。
Callisto
  ④木卫四

NASA scientists had declared Callisto a "dead and boring moon" until the discovery of a possible salty ocean beneath its surface.
NASA的科学家们过去一直宣称木卫四是一颗“死气沉沉的星球”,直到他们在其表层以下发现了一片可能存在的咸海。
NASA's Galileo spacecraft did a fly-by of Jupiter's second largest moon in 1996 and 1997 and found that Callisto’s magnetic field varied, indicating currents. In 2001, Galileo detected that an asteroid had struck the moon, forming the Valhalla impact basin. Usually, such an impact would cause intense shock waves to ripple through the planetary body, but Galileo couldn't find any evidence of this, leading scientists to theorize that a watery ocean could have softened the blow.
NASA的伽利略号太空船在1996年和1997年低空飞越这颗木星的第二大卫星,他们发现木卫四的磁场在不断变化,这意味着存在电流。2001年,伽利略号探测到一颗小行星曾经撞击过卫星,形成了瓦尔哈拉撞击盆地。通常情况下,这样的撞击会产生强烈的冲击波,波动贯穿整个行星体。但是,伽利略号并没有发现这样的证据,因而科学家们分析认为,可能存在一个充满水的洋体,减缓了碰撞的冲击。
In keeping with the theme that water might equal life, astronomers believe that if such an ocean exists on Callisto, it’s possible that complex life might also be in it.
让我们回到主题,有水就意味着生命。天文学家们相信,如果木卫四上确有海洋的存在,那么它便很有可能存在着复杂的生命。
Titan
  ⑤泰坦(土卫六)

Could this frigid moon provide a welcoming environment for life? Scientists are taking a closer look at this Saturn moon and finding more and more potential building blocks for very basic life there, despite Titan's surface temperature of -300 degrees Fahrenheit.
这颗寒冷的卫星能给生命提供一个舒适的环境吗?科学家们正对这颗木星的卫星进行更近一些的观察。尽管泰坦表面的温度不足零下300华氏度,他们仍然发现了许多基础生命存在的潜在构造。
Even though Titan lacks sunlight, NASA's Huygens probe detected what looked like liquid methane on the mini planet’s surface in 2005. In May 2010, two teams of scientists announced that NASA's Cassini orbiter showed Titan is harboring an unusual chemical dance party with hydrogen and acetylene.
虽然泰坦上缺少阳光,NASA的惠更斯号探测器于2005年在这颗微型星球表面探测到一些类似液态甲烷的物质。2010年5月,两组科学家都宣布,NASA的卡西尼号轨道飞行器探测发现,泰坦为氢和乙炔的化合提供了一处不同寻常的港湾。
Given all of this, if life were to be found on Titan, it would blast away everything we understand about how life works. It would mean life could exist under a completely different chemical environment then what we know to exist on Earth: a second genesis.
考虑到所有这些情况,如果在泰坦上发现了生命,它将打破我们关于生命运转的一切认知。那意味着生命可以在与地球完全不同的化学环境中存活,或许,它将带来第二个创世纪。
Enceladus
  ⑥恩克拉多斯(土卫二)

When Cassini did a fly-by through one of Enceladus's geysers spewing ice and gas in 2005, the probe detected carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen -- all key elements for supporting living organisms. What's more, the temperature and density of the plumes could indicate a warmer, watery source beneath the surface. Still, no life has been confirmed. Yet.
2005年,当卡西尼号低空飞行,越过恩克拉多斯间歇泉喷涌的冰和气时,探测器检测出碳、氢、氮和氧——这些都是供给生命存活的关键因素。更为重要的是,探测所得的温度和气流的密度表明,在星球表层以下有温暖潮湿的来源。只是,目前尚未证实生命的确切存在。
Extremophile life forms found in Earth's undersea thermal vents and Arctic ice where no sunlight reaches gives scientists hope of the possibility that similar microbes could survive on Enceladus.
从阳光无法照射的地球深海火山喷发以及北极冰盖下,科学家们发现了极端微生物的生命形态,这给科学家们带来了希望,也许恩克拉多斯上也有类似的微生物存活。
Exoplanets
  ⑦太阳系外行星

Some estimates show that the Milky Way alone harbors around 400 billion stars and countless exoplanets, and that’s just within our own galaxy. So there could potentially be billions of habitable cosmic bodies out there.
一些估算数据表明,银河系拥有约4000亿颗恒星以及数不尽的系外行星,并且它们都在我们的星系范围之内。因而在我们之外的星系中潜在的宜居星体也许是数以亿计的。
An exoplanet is a planetary body that sits outside our solar system and orbits another star that is not our sun. We've only been exploring these outside worlds for the past decade (the first one, HD 209458, was discovered in 1999), with dozens more being discovered every year with many hosting organic compounds. HD 209458b, for example, was found with water, methane and carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, all key ingredients for life.
系外行星是指位处太阳系以外的行星,它们围绕着太阳之外的其它恒星运转。我们仅在过去的十年里对这些外太空的世界进行了探索(编号HD 209458的系外行星是人类发现的第一颗系外行星,它在1999年被发现),而后每年又相继发现一些,它们中的很多都蕴藏着有机化合物。例如,在编号HD 209458b的系外行星的大气层里就发现水、甲烷和二氧化碳的存在,这些都是孕育生命的关键元素。
Still, it's a drop in the bucket and the possibilities for other life-supporting bodies are endless.
只是,这不过是沧海一粟,其它可能支撑生命存活的星球仍是无止境的。
Orion Nebula
  ⑧猎户星云

Remember those 400 billion stars mentioned on the previous slide? A stellar nursery in the Milky Way has recently been investigated as a potential gold mine for finding life.
还记得在上一张图片里提到的4000亿颗恒星吗?最近人们开始研究银河系中的这片恒星育儿所,并将其视为寻找生命的潜在金矿。
In May 2010, the European Space Agency's Herschel Space Observatory announced that the Orion Nebula, located about 1,500 light-years away from Earth just south of Orion's belt, showed signs of having life-enabling organic chemicals.
2010年5月,欧洲航天局的赫歇尔空间天文台宣布,距地球约1500光年,位处猎户座三星腰带南方的猎户星云,表现出了拥有生命存在的有机化学品。
Looking through the data collected by the telescope, astronomers were able to detect a pattern of spikes for various life-supporting molecules: water, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, methanol, dimethyl ether, hydrogen cyanide, sulfur oxide and sulfur dioxide.
通过分析望远镜收集到的数据,天文学家们能够检测出由不同维持生命的分子形成的峰值模型,包括:水、一氧化碳、甲醛、甲醇、二甲醚、氰化氢、氧化硫和二氧化硫。
Dying Red Giant Stars
  ⑨衰亡的红巨星

In 2005, an international team of astronomers discovered that dying red giant stars could act like a defibrillator and bring icy planets back from the dead. This rebirth could also lead to new breeding grounds for life, scientists believe.
2005年,一组国际天文学家发现,衰亡的红巨星能够像除纤颤器一样工作,让这颗冰冷的星球起死回生。科学家们相信,这种重生同样会给生命提供新的繁殖地。
  
Why is Earth so good at hosting life? The short answer is location. We're in a prime real estate area with our star to keep our planet habitable. Too close, and our planet's water would evaporate. Too far, and we're a frigid icebox.
  为什么地球如此适宜生命存活?简而言之,位置。我们所处的位置距离恒星远近得宜,这让我们的星球保持宜居。如果离得太近,地球上的水分都将蒸发;如果离得太远,我们将冻结成冰。  
  
Right before a star dies, it explodes into its red giant phase, rapidly ballooning in size and brightness, blasting planet-warming solar radiation far and wide. Hello, sunshine! If these rays from the dying star were to wash over a once-frozen moon or exoplanet, the planetary body's icy layer would melt into liquid: setting the stage for life to form in a flowing ocean.
    恒星衰亡之前,即当它爆炸成为红巨星的阶段,其体积迅速膨胀,发出耀目的光芒,爆炸产生的能使行星变暖的太阳辐射范围十分宽广。你好,阳光!如果这些发自即将衰亡的恒星的射线能够辐射至那些一度冰冻的卫星和系外行星,那些星体上的冰层将会融化成液态:这将为生命的形成提供流动的海洋。
Unexplored Parts of the Universe We May Never Reach
  ⑩那些我们无法企及的宇宙未知处

The universe is an unimaginably vast space filled with planets, stars, systems, nebulae, gas, dust -- and it's impossible for us to ever explore it all. So maybe life does exist as we do, just on the other side of the universe where we won't have the capability to find it.
宇宙的浩瀚无涯超出想象,无数的恒星、行星、星系、星云、气体、尘埃充斥其间,让我们无法一一探遍每一个角落。也许,在宇宙的另一边,那些无法企及的未知处,有着和我们一样的生命存在。
Another thought: Are we putting the search for life in a box that's too neat and tidy? Should we be searching for Earth-like life at all?
另一种猜想:我们对生命的探寻是否过于狭隘?我们应该寻找的生命都是与地球上相似的吗?
All we know about life is that it must be made of amino acids, DNA, and  it needs water to survive. But astrophysicist Stephen Hawking theorizes that life could exist out there that we can't even imagine: life that is not carbon-based. If that's the case, is it possible that we have already found "life" and missed it because we were wearing our "Earth" goggles?"
我们了解的生命是由氨基酸和DNA组成的,它必须在有水的环境下才能存活。但是,按照天体物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金的理论,生命存活的环境是超出人类想象的:它不以碳为基础。如果这套理论成立,那么很有可能我们已经找到了“生命”却又错过了它,因为我们一直带着类地生命的有色眼镜在寻找。
Either way, the quest to find life beyond this planet continues. If aliens are found, let's hope they're friendly.
无论怎样,寻找地外生命的需求还将继续。当那些外星人终被找到的时候,希望它们能对我们友好些。

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